艾纳香挥发油萃取工艺优化及成分分析
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篇名: 艾纳香挥发油萃取工艺优化及成分分析
TITLE: Optimization of extraction technology of volatile oil from Blumea balsamifera and analysis on its compositions
摘要: 目的 优化艾纳香挥发油的超临界二氧化碳(CO2)萃取工艺,并比较超临界CO2萃取法和水蒸气蒸馏法所得艾纳香挥发油的成分。方法采用超临界CO2萃取法提取艾纳香挥发油,以挥发油萃取率为指标,以萃取温度、萃取压力、萃取时间为因素,在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交实验优化超临界CO2萃取工艺;采用气相色谱-质谱法鉴定艾纳香挥发油的成分,采用峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量;以水蒸气蒸馏法所得挥发油为参照,比较两种方法的挥发油萃取率、成分及含量。结果艾纳香挥发油最优超临界CO2萃取工艺为萃取压力30MPa、萃取温度50℃、萃取时间50min;经3次实验验证,得挥发油的平均萃取率为4.64%(RSD=0.54%,n=3)。从超临界CO2萃取法所得艾纳香挥发油中共鉴定出39种成分,如三十三烷、豆甾醇、角鲨烯等,从水蒸气蒸馏法所得挥发油中共鉴定出51种成分,如正三十烷、喇叭茶萜醇、葎草烯环氧化物等;两种提取方法所得艾纳香挥发油的萃取率分别为4.64%、0.99%,其中含花椒油素、L-龙脑、β-石竹烯等26种共有成分。除花椒油素(超临界CO2萃取法为34.829%,水蒸气蒸馏法为30.676%)、叶绿醇(超临界CO2萃取法为2.401%,水蒸气蒸馏法为1.273%)外,超临界CO2萃取法所得挥发油成分的相对含量均低于水蒸气蒸馏法。结论所得最优超临界CO2萃取工艺稳定、可行;虽然两种提取方法所得艾纳香挥发油成分与含量的差异较大,但主要均为醛酮类、烯类、醇类等成分。
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE To opti mize the supercritical CO 2 extraction technology of volatile oil from Blumea balsamifera ,and compare the components of the volatile oil from B. balsamifera obtained by supercritical CO 2 extraction and steam distillation. METHODS The volatile oil of B. balsamifera was extracted by supercritical CO 2 extraction. Using extraction rate of volatile oil as index,extraction temperature ,extraction pressure and extraction time as factors ,based on single-factor experiment ,orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the supercritical CO 2 extraction technology. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the components of volatile oil from B. balsamifera . Peak area normalization was used to calculate the relative contents of each component. Taking the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation as a reference ,the extraction rates ,components and contents of volatile oil by the two methods were compared. RESULTS The optimal supercritical CO 2 extraction technology of volatile oil from B. balsamifera included extraction pressure of 30 MPa,extraction temperature of 50 ℃ and extracting for 50 min. After 3 times of validation tests ,average extraction rate of volatile oil was 4.64%(RSD=0.54%,n=3). Thirty-nine components such as tritriacontane,stigmasterol,squalene were identified in the volatile oil of B. balsamifera obtained by supercritical CO 2 extraction; and 51 components such as triacontane ,ledol,humulene epoxide Ⅰ were identified by steam distillation. The extraction rate of volatile oil from B. balsamifera obtained by 2 methods were 4.64% and 0.99%. A total of 26 common components were obtained , such as xanthoxylin ,L-borneol,β-caryophyllene. Except for xanthoxyline (34.829% by supercritical CO 2 extraction,30.676% by steam distillation method )and phytol (2.401% by supercritical CO 2 extraction,1.273% by steam distillation ),the relative contents of the components of volatile oil obtained by supercritical CO 2 extraction were lower than those of steam distillation. CONCLUSIONS The optimal supercritical CO 2 extraction technology is stable and feasible ;the components and contents of volatile oil obtained by two methods varies greatly ,and main compounds are aldehydes and ketones ,alkenes,alcohols and other components.
期刊: 2022年第33卷第08期
作者: 赵超,徐文芬,孙庆文,孙开芬,陈滕
AUTHORS: ZHAO Chao,XU Wenfen ,SUN Qingwen ,SUN Kaifen ,CHEN Teng
关键字: 艾纳香;挥发油;超临界CO2萃取法;正交实验;水蒸气蒸馏法;气相色谱-质谱法
KEYWORDS: Blumea balsamifera ;volatile oil ;supercritical CO 2 extraction;orthogonal experiments ;steam distillation ;gas
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